Application of collagen-based scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injuries in animal models. A literature update.
Abstract
This review compiles newer bibliographical data with regards to the application of collagen scaffolds for the purposes of treatment of Spinal cord injury (SCI) in animal models. SCI is regarded as one of the most devastating central nervous system (CNS) injuries, exhibiting an alarmingly rising incidence rate, indirectly connected with the expansion of global economy. The consequences of SCI are multidimensional: SCI injuries may result in permanent voluntary motor disfunction and loss of sensation, while incurring heavy economic and psychological burden as part of the treatment. Thus, it is of great importance that effective and suitable SCI treatment strategies are developed. Collagen-based scaffolds application is one of the most promising methods of SCI treatment. They come in a variety of forms, including hydrogel, sponge or guidance conduit serving as an instrument to administer therapeutic drugs and proteins to the SCI site. A number of relevant studies have been carried out fairly recently, exclusively using carefully selected animals that resemble human pathophysiology and surgical outcomes, without incurring cost-related, ethical or regulatory limitations. In mouse, rat and canine models having mainly undergone transection and hemisection, the stump connection, along with transplanted cell differentiation, elimination of glial scar, increased neuronal growth, decreased collagen deposition, behavioural recovery, improved electrophysiology and enhanced axonal regeneration are evident.
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